Libwebsockets

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Environment

# cat /etc/debian_version 
6.0.6
# gcc -v
gcc version 4.4.5 (Debian 4.4.5-8) 
# uname -r
3.2.0-0.bpo.3-amd64


Build and install

NOTE: choose a destination path, I use /usr/local/libwebsockets

apt-get install libtool libssl-dev 
mkdir /usr/local/libwebsockets
chown nobody:nogroup /usr/local/libwebsockets
su -s /bin/bash nobody
cd /tmp
wget http://git.warmcat.com/cgi-bin/cgit/libwebsockets/snapshot/libwebsockets-788c4a8fa847ce7f6900e529af73f1aed7311ccc.tar.gz
tar -xzf libwebsockets-788c4a8fa847ce7f6900e529af73f1aed7311ccc.tar.gz
cd libwebsockets-788c4a8fa847ce7f6900e529af73f1aed7311ccc
./autogen.sh
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libwebsockets --enable-openssl --enable-libcrypto
make
make install


First libwebsocket app

sources

from https://gist.github.com/3654228

  • main.c:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <libwebsockets.h>

static int callback_http(struct libwebsocket_context * this_context,
                         struct libwebsocket *wsi,
                         enum libwebsocket_callback_reasons reason, void *user,
                         void *in, size_t len)
{
    return 0;
}

static int callback_dumb_increment(struct libwebsocket_context * this_context,
                                   struct libwebsocket *wsi,
                                   enum libwebsocket_callback_reasons reason,
                                   void *user, void *in, size_t len)
{
    switch (reason)
    {
    case LWS_CALLBACK_ESTABLISHED: // just log message that someone is connecting
        printf("connection established\n");
        break;
    case LWS_CALLBACK_RECEIVE:   // the funny part
    {
        // create a buffer to hold our response
        // it has to have some pre and post padding. You don't need to care
        // what comes there, libwebsockets will do everything for you. For more info see
        // http://git.warmcat.com/cgi-bin/cgit/libwebsockets/tree/lib/libwebsockets.h#n597
        unsigned char *buf = (unsigned char*) malloc(LWS_SEND_BUFFER_PRE_PADDING + len +
                             LWS_SEND_BUFFER_POST_PADDING);

        int i;

        // pointer to `void *in` holds the incomming request
        // we're just going to put it in reverse order and put it in `buf` with
        // correct offset. `len` holds length of the request.
        for (i=0; i < len; i++)
        {
            buf[LWS_SEND_BUFFER_PRE_PADDING + (len - 1) - i ] = ((char *) in)[i];
        }

        // log what we recieved and what we're going to send as a response.
        // that disco syntax `%.*s` is used to print just a part of our buffer
        // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5189071/print-part-of-char-array
        printf("received data: %s, replying: %.*s\n", (char *) in, (int) len,
               buf + LWS_SEND_BUFFER_PRE_PADDING);

        // send response
        // just notice that we have to tell where exactly our response starts. That's
        // why there's `buf[LWS_SEND_BUFFER_PRE_PADDING]` and how long it is.
        // we know that our response has the same length as request because
        // it's the same message in reverse order.
        libwebsocket_write(wsi, &buf[LWS_SEND_BUFFER_PRE_PADDING], len, LWS_WRITE_TEXT);

        // release memory back into the wild
        free(buf);
        break;
    }
    default:
        break;
    }

    return 0;
}



static struct libwebsocket_protocols protocols[] =
{
    /* first protocol must always be HTTP handler */
    {
        "http-only",   // name
        callback_http, // callback
        0              // per_session_data_size
    },
    {
        "dumb-increment-protocol", // protocol name - very important!
        callback_dumb_increment,   // callback
        0                          // we don't use any per session data
    },
    {
        NULL, NULL, 0   /* End of list */
    }
};

int main(void)
{
    // server url will be http://localhost:9000
    int port = 9000;
    const char *interface = NULL;
    struct libwebsocket_context *context;
    // we're not using ssl
    const char *cert_path = NULL;
    const char *key_path = NULL;
    // no special options
    int opts = 0;

    // create libwebsocket context representing this server
    context = libwebsocket_create_context(port, interface, protocols,
                                          libwebsocket_internal_extensions,
                                          cert_path, key_path, -1, -1, opts, NULL);

    if (context == NULL)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "libwebsocket init failed\n");
        return -1;
    }

    printf("starting server...\n");

    // infinite loop, to end this server send SIGTERM. (CTRL+C)
    while (1)
    {
        libwebsocket_service(context, 50);
        // libwebsocket_service will process all waiting events with their
        // callback functions and then wait 50 ms.
        // (this is a single threaded webserver and this will keep our server
        // from generating load while there are not requests to process)
    }

    libwebsocket_context_destroy(context);

    return 0;
}
  • index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
        <script type="text/javascript">
            $(function() {
                window.WebSocket = window.WebSocket || window.MozWebSocket;

                var websocket = new WebSocket('ws://127.0.0.1:9000',
                                              'dumb-increment-protocol');

                websocket.onopen = function () {
                    $('h1').css('color', 'green');
                };

                websocket.onerror = function () {
                    $('h1').css('color', 'red');
                };

                websocket.onmessage = function (message) {
                    console.log(message.data);
                    $('div').append($('<p>', { text: message.data }));
                };


                $('button').click(function(e) {
                    e.preventDefault();
                    websocket.send($('input').val());
                    $('input').val('');
                });
            });
        </script>
        </head>
    <body>
        <h1>WebSockets test</h1>
        <form>
            <input type="text" />
            <button>Send</button>
        </form>
        <div></div>
    </body>
</html>


Compile and run

gcc -o test main.c -I /usr/local/libwebsockets/include/ -L /usr/local/libwebsockets/lib/ -lwebsockets
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/libwebsockets/lib ./test



Set-up an Eclipse CDT project =

Create an Eclipse project, maybe like there


Configure Index

Project -> Properties
C/C++ General -> Paths and Symbols
switch to tab 'Includes'
select 'GNU C++' an click 'Add...'
Directory: "/usr/local/libwebsockets/include"
click 'OK'
switch to tab 'Library Paths'
click 'Add...'
Directory: "/usr/local/libwebsockets/lib"
'OK'
click 'OK' again


Configure to Run and Debug

Run -> Debug Configurations
select 'C/C++ Application'
click on 'New launch configuration'
Name: "TestLibWebsockets Debug"
C/C++ Application: "TestLibWebsockets/build/debug/TestLibWebsockets"
switch to tab 'Environment'
click New...
Name: "LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
Value: "/usr/local/libwebsockets/lib/"
click Ok
click on Close


References