Grub - Revision history

T1t0 at 17:32, 23 June 2024

2024-06-23T17:32:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:32, 23 June 2024
Line 14:		Line 14:
	* then, you can use grub-install to setup grub (and a list of pre-loaded modules) in your bootable drive		* then, you can use grub-install to setup grub (and a list of pre-loaded modules) in your bootable drive

	WARNING! the pendrive device name on your computer will be different, in this example /dev/sdX is used, change it accordingly with your ~~one~~!		WARNING! the pendrive device name on your computer will be different, in this example /dev/sdX is used for the main device and /dev/sdX2 for the grup partition, change them accordingly with your ones!

	<pre>		<pre>
	mkdir /tmp/~~sdX~~		mkdir /tmp/sdX2
	mount /dev/~~sdX~~ /tmp/~~sdX~~		mount /dev/sdX2 /tmp/sdX2
	grub-install --target=i386-pc --boot-directory=/tmp/~~sdX~~/boot --modules "part_msdos part_gpt part_apple ntfs ntfscomp hfsplus fat ext2 xfs reiserfs iso9660 udf loopback normal chain boot configfile linux multiboot iorw gfxterm font all_video gettext search" /dev/sdX		grub-install --target=i386-pc --boot-directory=/tmp/sdX2/boot --modules "part_msdos part_gpt part_apple ntfs ntfscomp hfsplus fat ext2 xfs reiserfs iso9660 udf loopback normal chain boot configfile linux multiboot iorw gfxterm font all_video gettext search" /dev/sdX
	# note, you can add a custom (bigger?) font for grub, example		# note, you can add a custom (bigger?) font for grub, example
	grub-mkfont -s 16 -o /tmp/~~sdX~~/boot/grub/dv.pf2 /usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSansMono.ttf		grub-mkfont -s 16 -o /tmp/sdX2/boot/grub/dv.pf2 /usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSansMono.ttf
	umount /tmp/~~sdX~~		umount /tmp/sdX2
	rmdir /tmp/~~sdX~~		rmdir /tmp/sdX2
	</pre>		</pre>

Line 35:		Line 35:
	* then, you can use grub-mkimage to setup grub (and a list of pre-loaded modules) in your bootable drive		* then, you can use grub-mkimage to setup grub (and a list of pre-loaded modules) in your bootable drive

	WARNING! the pendrive device name on your computer will be different, in this example /dev/sdX is used, change it accordingly with your ~~one~~!		WARNING! the pendrive device name on your computer will be different, in this example /dev/sdX is used for the main device and /dev/sdX2 for the grup partition, change them accordingly with your ones!

	<pre>		<pre>
	mkdir /tmp/~~sdX~~		mkdir /tmp/sdX2
	mount /dev/~~sdX~~ /tmp/~~sdX~~		mount /dev/sdX2 /tmp/sdX2
	mkdir -p /tmp/~~sdX~~/EFI/boot		mkdir -p /tmp/sdX2/EFI/boot
	grub-mkimage --format x86_64-efi --prefix "/EFI/boot" --output /tmp/~~sdX~~/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi part_msdos part_gpt part_apple ntfs ntfscomp hfsplus fat ext2 xfs reiserfs iso9660 udf loopback normal chain boot configfile linux multiboot iorw gfxterm font all_video gettext search		grub-mkimage --format x86_64-efi --prefix "/EFI/boot" --output /tmp/sdX2/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi part_msdos part_gpt part_apple ntfs ntfscomp hfsplus fat ext2 xfs reiserfs iso9660 udf loopback normal chain boot configfile linux multiboot iorw gfxterm font all_video gettext search
	# note, you can add a custom (bigger?) font for grub, example		# note, you can add a custom (bigger?) font for grub, example
	grub-mkfont -s 32 -o /tmp/~~sdX~~/EFI/boot/dv.pf2 /usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSansMono.ttf		grub-mkfont -s 32 -o /tmp/sdX2/EFI/boot/dv.pf2 /usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSansMono.ttf
	umount /tmp/~~sdX~~		umount /tmp/sdX2
	rmdir /tmp/~~sdX~~		rmdir /tmp/sdX2
	</pre>		</pre>

Line 51:		Line 51:

	Create a new config file in the bootloader partition, eg		Create a new config file in the bootloader partition, eg
	* for MBR: /tmp/~~sdX~~/boot/grub/grub.cfg		* for MBR: /tmp/sdX2/boot/grub/grub.cfg
	* for GPT: /tmp/~~sdX~~/EFI/boot/grub.cfg		* for GPT: /tmp/sdX2/EFI/boot/grub.cfg

	<pre>		<pre>

T1t0 at 16:20, 23 June 2024

2024-06-23T16:20:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:20, 23 June 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
			= Grub 2 =

			* prepare a filesystem (or a pendrive, for that you could follow [[Bootable_pendrive]])

			== Install ==

			=== For BIOS partition table (MBR) ===

			* note, first you needs i386 grub modules
			<pre>
			apt-get install grub-pc-bin
			</pre>

			* then, you can use grub-install to setup grub (and a list of pre-loaded modules) in your bootable drive

			WARNING! the pendrive device name on your computer will be different, in this example /dev/sdX is used, change it accordingly with your one!

			<pre>
			mkdir /tmp/sdX
			mount /dev/sdX /tmp/sdX
			grub-install --target=i386-pc --boot-directory=/tmp/sdX/boot --modules "part_msdos part_gpt part_apple ntfs ntfscomp hfsplus fat ext2 xfs reiserfs iso9660 udf loopback normal chain boot configfile linux multiboot iorw gfxterm font all_video gettext search" /dev/sdX
			# note, you can add a custom (bigger?) font for grub, example
			grub-mkfont -s 16 -o /tmp/sdX/boot/grub/dv.pf2 /usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSansMono.ttf
			umount /tmp/sdX
			rmdir /tmp/sdX
			</pre>

			=== For GUID partition table (GPT) ===

			* note, first you needs efi-amd64 grub modules
			<pre>
			apt-get install grub-efi-amd64-bin
			</pre>

			* then, you can use grub-mkimage to setup grub (and a list of pre-loaded modules) in your bootable drive

			WARNING! the pendrive device name on your computer will be different, in this example /dev/sdX is used, change it accordingly with your one!

			<pre>
			mkdir /tmp/sdX
			mount /dev/sdX /tmp/sdX
			mkdir -p /tmp/sdX/EFI/boot
			grub-mkimage --format x86_64-efi --prefix "/EFI/boot" --output /tmp/sdX/EFI/boot/bootx64.efi part_msdos part_gpt part_apple ntfs ntfscomp hfsplus fat ext2 xfs reiserfs iso9660 udf loopback normal chain boot configfile linux multiboot iorw gfxterm font all_video gettext search
			# note, you can add a custom (bigger?) font for grub, example
			grub-mkfont -s 32 -o /tmp/sdX/EFI/boot/dv.pf2 /usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSansMono.ttf
			umount /tmp/sdX
			rmdir /tmp/sdX
			</pre>

			=== Configuration ===

			Create a new config file in the bootloader partition, eg
			* for MBR: /tmp/sdX/boot/grub/grub.cfg
			* for GPT: /tmp/sdX/EFI/boot/grub.cfg

			<pre>
			set timeout=10
			set default=0

			set menu_color_normal=white/black
			set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray

			insmod all_video

			if loadfont "$prefix/dv.pf2" ; then
			set gfxmode=640x480x16,auto
			set gfxpayload=keep
			load_video
			insmod gfxterm
			insmod gettext
			fi

			terminal_output gfxterm

			if [ -e "$prefix/menu.cfg" ]; then
			configfile "$prefix/menu.cfg"
			fi

			</pre>

			Now you can customize this config file, for instance adding a menu, or better, you can add a menu in a menu.cfg file in the same path of the grub.cfg file.


	= Grub Legacy (v 0.x) =		= Grub Legacy (v 0.x) =

T1t0 at 11:02, 23 June 2024

2024-06-23T11:02:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:02, 23 June 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	= ~~Vademecum~~ =		= Grub Legacy (v 0.x) =



	== Install ==		== Install ==
Line 39:		Line 37:
	#write the "install partition" number into the first sector of the stage2 (the "p" at the end)		#write the "install partition" number into the first sector of the stage2 (the "p" at the end)
	install= (hd0,2)/boot/grub/stage1 (hd1) (hd1,a)/boot/grub/stage2 0x8000 p /grubdir/configfile		install= (hd0,2)/boot/grub/stage1 (hd1) (hd1,a)/boot/grub/stage2 0x8000 p /grubdir/configfile



	=== Installare Grub in in pendrive USB ===		=== Installare Grub in in pendrive USB ===
Line 65:		Line 61:
	grub> quit		grub> quit
	</pre>		</pre>



	=== Installare Grub in una immagine su file ===		=== Installare Grub in una immagine su file ===
Line 122:		Line 116:
	</pre>		</pre>

			[[Category:linux]]

	[[Category:~~unix~~]]
	[[Category:boot_loaders]]		[[Category:boot_loaders]]
	[[Category:to_translate]]		[[Category:to_translate]]

imported>T1t0 at 02:53, 8 July 2018

2018-07-08T02:53:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:53, 8 July 2018
Line 126:		Line 126:
	[[Category:unix]]		[[Category:unix]]
	[[Category:boot_loaders]]		[[Category:boot_loaders]]
			[[Category:to_translate]]

imported>T1t0 at 22:55, 19 February 2012

2012-02-19T22:55:56Z

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Vademecum ==
+= Vademecum =
 <pre>
@@ Line 37: / Line 41: @@
-	COME INSTALLARE GRUB IN UNA IMMAGINE SU DISCO
 <pre>

imported>T1t0 at 11:01, 7 February 2012

2012-02-07T11:01:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:01, 7 February 2012
Line 94:		Line 94:

	[[Category:unix]]		[[Category:unix]]
	[[Category:~~boot_loader~~]]		[[Category:boot_loaders]]

imported>T1t0 at 10:52, 7 February 2012

2012-02-07T10:52:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:52, 7 February 2012
Line 90:		Line 90:

	</pre>		</pre>



			[[Category:unix]]
			[[Category:boot_loader]]

imported>T1t0: 1 revision

2011-08-28T05:54:41Z

1 revision

New page

== Vademecum ==

<pre>
[root@host ~]$ grub
grub> help install
install: install [--stage2=STAGE2_FILE] [--force-lba] STAGE1 [d] DEVICE STAGE2 [ADDR] [p] [CONFIG_FILE] [REAL_CONFIG_FILE]
Install STAGE1 on DEVICE, and install a blocklist for loading
STAGE2 as a Stage 2. If the option `d' is present, the Stage 1
will always look for the disk where STAGE2 was installed, rather
than using the booting drive. The Stage 2 will be loaded at
address ADDR, which will be determined automatically if you don't
specify it. If the option `p' or CONFIG_FILE is present, then the
first block of Stage 2 is patched with new values of the
partition and name of the configuration file used by the true
Stage 2 (for a Stage 1.5, this is the name of the true Stage 2)
at boot time. If STAGE2 is a Stage 1.5 and REAL_CONFIG_FILE is
present, then the Stage 2 CONFIG_FILE is patched with the
configuration filename REAL_CONFIG_FILE. If the option
`--force-lba' is specified, disable some sanity checks for LBA
mode. If the option `--stage2' is specified, rewrite the Stage 2
via your OS's filesystem instead of the raw device.

grub>

</pre>

install file_stage1 [d] disco_di_avvio file_stage2 [p] [file_di_configurazione]

Questa è la sintassi già mostrata per il comando install. Si tratta di una forma semplificata rispetto a quella reale, che è sufficiente nelle situazioni più comuni. L'opzione d serve a stabilire la collocazione del file stage2 nel disco e nella partizione indicati, senza una relazione con il disco di avvio; l'opzione p è necessaria quasi sempre e serve a richiedere una serie di modifiche al file stage2 e anche al settore di avvio. Si veda eventualmente la documentazione originale per un dettaglio maggiore nell'uso di questo comando.

example:

#install (hd0,6)/grub/stage1 d (hd0) (hd0,6)/grub/stage2 p (hd0,6)/grub/menu.lst
#write the "install partition" number into the first sector of the stage2 (the "p" at the end)
install= (hd0,2)/boot/grub/stage1 (hd1) (hd1,a)/boot/grub/stage2 0x8000 p /grubdir/configfile

COME INSTALLARE GRUB IN UNA IMMAGINE SU DISCO

<pre>
# CREO L'IMMAGINE
[root@host ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=grub-initrd.raw bs=1024 count=2880

# FORMATTO L'IMMAGINE
[root@host ~]$ mkfs.ext3 -cFq -m0 grub-initrd.raw

# MONTO L'IMMAGINE
[root@host ~]$ mount -o loop grub-initrd.raw tmp/

# CREO NELL'IMMAGINE LA CARTELLA PER GRUB
[root@host ~]$ mkdir -p tmp/boot/grub

# COPIO NELL'IMMAGINE I FILES DI GRUB
[root@host ~]$ cp /usr/share/grub/i386-pc/* tmp/boot/grub/

# SMONTO L'IMMAGINE DA DOVE L'AVEVO MONTATA
[root@host ~]$ umount tmp
NON SO PERCHE' MA FORSE SE IL PERCORSO E' TROPPO LUNGO IL COMANDO device DI GRUB NON FUNZIONA

# DUNQUE SPOSTO L'IMMAGINE APPENA CREATA SULLA DIRECTORY RADICE
[root@host ~]$ mv grub-initrd.raw /

# AVVIO IL BINARIO DI GRUB PER LINUX
[root@host ~]$ grub
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time.

GNU GRUB version 0.94 (640K lower / 3072K upper memory)

[ Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported. For the first word, TAB
lists possible command completions. Anywhere else TAB lists the possible
completions of a device/filename. ]

# MONTO LA MIA DIRECTORY RADICE
grub> root (hd0,7)
Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0x83

# DICO A GRUB DI CONSIDERARE LA MIA IMMAGINE COME IL DEVICE (fd1)
grub> device (fd1) /grub-initrd.raw

# INSTALLO GLI STAGES DI GRUB NELL FINTO DEVICE
grub> install (fd1)/boot/grub/stage1 d (fd1) (fd1)/boot/grub/stage2 p (fd1)/boot/grub/menu.lst

# ESCO
grub> quit

# FINE
[root@host ~]$ mv /grub-initrd.raw ./
[root@host ~]$

</pre>